The Impossibility of Neutrality, and the Cosmological Principle as Nothing More Than a Broken Personal Ideology

Unpeer-reviewed paper (Philpapers)

https://philpapers.org/rec/HORTIO-26

0. Abstract

This paper argues the impossibility of neutrality and shows that the support for the broken cosmological principle lies in scientists’ lack of understanding of preconditions. Each has their own preconditions, and for a valid description, the clear specification of preconditions is important. In a discussion, there is no need to deliberately describe the assertions of positions that lack validity. The cosmological principle is denied by the breakdown of the theory of relativity. Even setting that aside, from the singularity of the Earth, the dark matter theory, and observations, the cosmological theory cannot be supported. Even so, that it is supported is considered to be due to scientists’ misperception that they themselves are neutral. It is suggested that the cause is a lack of scientific thinking and logical thinking, and it is considered to be a major hindrance to the development of science and cosmology.

1. The Impossibility of Neutrality

A position such as neutrality cannot exist. Even when there is a confrontation between two positions and another one evaluates two, the evaluating position cannot help but take a specific position.

However, when there is little benefit and loss for one in the confrontation or information is unclear, there is often little benefit in clarifying one’s own precondition.

When one of the two positions remarkably lacks validity, for a third party to treat the two positions as homogeneous becomes an irrational manipulation of impressions.

What is important is the clarification of what kind of position it is. It is the clear specification of preconditions. By that, the evaluation of the validity of the assertions of that position also becomes possible to be performed effectively and efficiently.

Also, as for the method of arguments for and against, in that discussion, the enumeration of the assertions of conceivable positions becomes important. In that discussion, there is absolutely no need to deliberately describe irrational positions. It is an exposure of a lack of understanding of the discussion or a lack of judgment ability.

2. Problems of the Cosmological Principle

2.1. Support by Ideology Rather Than Logic

The cosmological principle is the concept that everywhere in the universe is homogeneous and isotropic. In the first place, the cosmological principle takes the theory of relativity as a precondition. Since that theory of relativity can be denied, it is nothing more than a broken theory. Even if one ignores the breakdown of the theory of relativity, there are many results that deny the cosmological principle. Even so, the maintenance of the cosmological principle involves heavily not only the sunk cost of past achievements but also the irrational ideology of wanting to be in a neutral position.

2.2. Misperception of Objective Position

This involves the blind faith that science is the description of truth and is purely neutral. It suggests an unawareness that science is nothing more than a description under a certain precondition.

In cosmology, it is considered that the geocentric theory was interpreted as anthropocentrism, and the influence of having supported the heliocentric theory is large. However, the geocentric theory and the heliocentric theory are nothing more than a difference in preconditions. The heliocentric theory is just that it can describe the planets of the solar system more concisely than the geocentric theory. In the modern era, descriptions outside the solar system, and additionally, the major celestial bodies of the Sun and the Moon, the description of the geocentric theory is superior. The heliocentric theory, which is deified as scientific and objective, possesses only an extremely limited practicality. The denial of anthropocentrism is precisely the reflection of a personal and arbitrary ideology.

2.3. The Singularity of the Earth and the Denial of the Cosmological Principle

First, the environment called the Earth is singular in the entire universe. An environment where the surface temperature is constant and liquid water exists is extremely rare in current observations. Above all, extraterrestrial life has not been discovered. At this point, the Earth and its surrounding environment are extremely singular, and the application of the cosmological principle in cosmology is irrational.

Also, by the advent of the concepts of dark matter and dark energy, it was suggested that those unknown concepts are dominant in an extremely high proportion in the universe. In this case, if one applies the cosmological principle, the surroundings of the Earth must also be so. Human life breaks down. If one makes a scientific description in that state, the proportion of the unknown must expand further. The cosmological principle cannot help but break down. Dark matter and the like, which take the cosmological principle as a ground, also do not hold. There is also a counterargument that supports the cosmological principle. However, most are circular reasoning that takes the cosmological principle as a ground.

In the first place, observations, such as the local void, black holes, etc., also do not support the cosmological principle.

2.4. Scientists’ Fatal Lack of Understanding of Preconditions

Even so, that they support the cosmological principle is considered to be due to the related parties’ lack of understanding of preconditions. There is, first, a lack of understanding of the validity toward the theory of relativity which becomes a precondition. Furthermore, there is a lack of understanding of having an extremely personal precondition that one is pure. What is serious is that there is a lack of understanding of the grand premise called academics, which is to justify the cosmological principle taking the cosmological principle as a ground.

3. Conclusion

Each stands on their own preconditions. A neutral position cannot exist. The clear specification of preconditions becomes important. The broken ideology called the cosmological principle is considered to be caused by a lack of understanding of the precondition that oneself is pure and objective. This suggests that scientists are dominated by a broken ideology that misperceives a subjective position as objective. It is considered to be a major hindrance to the development of science and cosmology.