“Pest & Disease Control by Joseph Jarium Tropical Agriculture Consultant.

The discussant said the pest are: (1 ) soil pest (2) vegetative and (3) flowering/fruiting.

1. Rodents, Guinea fwr, quarrel

2. Blister beetle, flea beetle, pod bugs on beans and rice head ( each crop has it’s own pest)

3. Flowering and fruiting pest

He also explained that the remedy to the pest are :

Traditional/cultural, physical, biological and chemical control methods.

Under chemical control the method, is insecticides: Band pesticides organochlorine . Organo phosphate, carbonate, pyrethroids, Natural pesticides.

He drew attention to organic products, that they are pesticide free.

He also encourage the use of Aflasafe for exportable crops. That no pesticides residue with better price. And he emphasised on the regular use of protective clothes as all chemicals especially insecticides are poisonous and can kill instantly.

Use knapsack sprayer:

Leaking free

Nozzle type

Fan spray

Wash body & other material after spraying.

And there may be repeated spraying depending on the pest intensity. And that weather play an important role in effective spraying.

He talked about insecticides in the market:

1. Evatherine, Relathin, cypermethin

2. Laudah — karate, kombat

3. Tanmite, tenmico, terminator

4. No pest, best tea

5. Doup, sniper etc

Post emergence herbicides Rice only.

1. Agrofeast 600–900ml/ha

2. Bispy rice 375–400ml/ha

3. Agritex 250–500ml/ha

4. Agriforce 150–450 ml/ha

5. Megrotopshot 500ml/ha

6. Orizophen 4.0 Lt — 8lt/ha

Post emergence herbicides maize only:

1. Striker saroagriscience

2. Miaeron — maishayi

3. Guard force jubaili

4. Nick gold agrofast

5. Delifront harvest field

6. Miafrum meagro

7. Instakill — Naceot

Groundnut herbicide:

1. Narrow down

2. Basagram plus

3. Ingram corubi.