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Be Crazy but Keep the Immune System from being Crazy

“When you see me, I’m at my absolute best. What people assume life is… they don’t see the invisible storm inside. “

To bring craziness to something is not very unnatural. But if you want to be the art of science behind this crazy or something like intoxication, the chemistry is very fascinating, and it may make you crazy to explore the beauty of the magic molecule. The answer lies in the understanding of dopamine, a kind of neurotransmitters cum hormone that controls our passion and pleasure to bring the ultimate happiness as deserved by the nerve cells and the brain. Dopamine is popularly known as “the pleasure molecule” because of its chemistry and biology in the broad context. It is a neurotransmitter, and it plays a ‘reward centre’ to direct and control the multiple functions of the human, including memory, movement, mood, and motivation, along with the different types of symptoms and syndromes of human beings. Along with dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine are the main catecholamines discharged from small. Hat-shaped adrenal glands located on the top of each kidney. Like others, dopamine is released into the bloodstream and plays a small role in ‘fight or flight’ behavioural activities. It is feel-good hormones that can offer you pleasure and motivate you to do something that can bring more pleasure and reward. From an evolutionary standpoint, it has been designed and developed to expedite your urge to do things that need you to survive. When you are doing something pleasurable, your brain releases a large amount of dopamine and enables you to seek more pleasure and feel good sensations. You are also encouraged to repeat the same experience in your way of life. Now, turn your eyes towards the landscape of your body against the different diseases mostly caused by the pathogens of foreign invaders. It is the irresistible urge of any living organism to live and let live in the ecosystem of the biotic world. The struggle for existence against the different invasions, either from the micro or macro level, is nothing surprising and paradoxical. Whenever your body faces or anticipates any kind of threats from foreign intruders, the defence mechanism of your body will trigger, just like an iron dome in modern warfare used by the fabricated and specialised military defence systems. The iron dome is nothing but the immune system of our body. The body’s powerful immune system must be regulated, or it may attack our own organs. Every day, our immune system protects us from thousands of different microbes, irrespective of their nature, from viruses to protozoa or any other kind of allergens that come from different sources. They may have different shapes and appearances, and many of them can develop similarities with the human cells by virtue (vice) of camouflage. The human immune system now suffers from a choice- attack or defend between the self and non-self. Like large domestic, industrial or even military settlements, the need for security cannot be ignored, and even the automated military establishments have their own security system to welcome the self and disobey or attack the non-self. The same analogy becomes applicable to the human immune system by virtue of the immune system’s security guard cells called regulatory T-cells (Tregs). In addition to these cells, another important issue is the presence of Foxp3, that play a very decisive role in this regard. Now, the dual function of Tregs and Foxp3 plays a very crucial role in this regard for the selection of self and non-self cells, along with the cancer cells that become boomerang to the body by creating the anarchy of the cellular dynamics. Before going to the story of not being crazy about the self, let me take you to the marvel of cellular dynamics to detect and deport the foreign intruders. The adaptive immune system learns to tolerate self-antigens and thus prevents horror autotoxicus or autoimmune diseases. As far as the conventional idea is concerned, the human T-cells and B-cells jointly operate these procedures in the immune response, and this is called the central tolerance mechanism. Normally, T-cells produce different types of cells, such as killer T-cells, helper T-cells, Suppressor T-cells, and Memory T-cells, over time to defend the body, and these different kinds of T-cells become operational to confer immunity. Very often, B-cells produce antibodies in response to different classes of antigens and neutralise them according to antigen-antibody interaction protocols. But how do the self-cells become resistant to the immune system? Previously, it was known that the unknown class of immune cells was responsible against the autoimmunity issues. Two Nobel laureates, Dr. Mary Brunkow (USA) and Dr. Fred Ramsdell (USA) found that the mutation on the Foxp3 gene is responsible for the occurrence of autoimmune diseases in the mice and later on, another Nobel Laureate, Dr. Shimon Sakaguchi (Japan) discovered that Foxp3 gene is the key one that regulates the other immune cells against auto immune rejection and these cells are recognized as regulatory T-cells. The story of the autoimmune disease and the body against this tsunami of threat has been well understood, and it becomes a hope of a rainbow to defend against the number of autoimmune diseases like Type 1 diabetes, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, Hashimoto thyroiditis, Graves’s syndrome and many more. The cancer, particularly the tumor proliferation, is a serious challenge, but if the modification of the Foxp3 gene is to be modified by molecular trimming, the cancer cells will be targeted for the same. If it becomes autoimmune, it will become a great relief for the same. Autoimmune is no less dangerous than the activity committed by civilians many times. The AI and ML can contribute a lot to designing and developing the different molecular scissors and drugs for the same in a very cost-effective and fast research in the context of global warming and climate in the quest for sustainable health.The false narrative and misinformation with technology-enabled digital platforms may create a question mark against the stability and sustainability of the nation. So, in the context of autoimmune issues, it is earnestly solicited to address the issues at the right time for being autoimmune to society. Any independent country is run by different variables, but the most challenging issue is the people’s antipathy against the governance and the systems. The groundbreaking research in the scientific domain powered by AI can bring a ray of hope to answer the biologist’s puzzle, but the socioeconomic issues must be addressed by civil society for a sustainable Earth. Let us immunise our bodies along with society to make a sustainable future. “Small acts, when multiplied by millions of people, can transform the world.”What do you think?