Islamic Jurisprudence for Beginner Students. Chapter One: On Purification

1- Purification is cleanliness from impurity and anything similar to it, such as impediments to prayer and other acts of worship for which purification is a condition.

2- It is obligatory according to the Quran and Sunnah. Allah Almighty says: “And if you are in a state of ritual impurity, then purify yourselves.” (Al-Ma'idah 5:6)

And He Almighty says: “And your garments purify.” (Al-Muddaththir 74:4)

And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The key to prayer is purification.” (Narrated by Abu Dawud) He also said: “No prayer is accepted without purification.” (Narrated by At-Tirmidhi) 3- It is divided into ritual purity (taharat al-hadath) and physical purity (taharat al-khabath). Ritual purity is purification from anything that exits from either of the two orifices, such as urine, pre-ejaculate (madhy), post-ejaculate (wady), wind, and feces.

Purity is purified from impurity (taharat al-hadath). 4- Purification from ritual impurity is achieved by performing ablution (wudu) after passing wind, defecating, urinating, or ejaculating pre-seminal fluid, and by performing a full ritual bath (ghusl) after sexual intercourse or ejaculation. It is also achieved by performing dry ablution (tayammum) when water is unavailable or one is unable to use it, based on the Prophet's saying (peace and blessings be upon him): "The prayer of one of you is not accepted if he is in a state of ritual impurity until he performs ablution." (Agreed upon).

5- As for impurity, it is a physical impurity such as feces, urine, blood, and the like. Purification from it is achieved by removing the impurity from the body, clothing, and place by washing with water.

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