MySQL AND, OR and NOT Operators

The WHERE clause can be combined with AND, OR, and NOT operators.

The AND and OR operators are used to filter records based on more than one condition:

• The AND operator displays a record if all the conditions separated by AND are TRUE.
• The OR operator displays a record if any of the conditions separated by OR is TRUE.

The NOT operator displays a record if the condition(s) is NOT TRUE.

AND Syntax

SELECT column1, column2, ...
FROM table_name
WHERE condition1 AND condition2 AND condition3 ...;

OR Syntax

SELECT column1, column2, ...
FROM table_name
WHERE condition1 OR condition2 OR condition3 ...;

NOT Syntax

SELECT column1, column2, ...
FROM table_name
WHERE NOT condition;

AND Example

The following SQL statement selects all fields from “Employees” where City is “London” AND FirstName is “Nancy”:

SELECT * FROM Employees
WHERE City = 'London' AND FirstName = 'Nancy';

OR Example

The following SQL statement selects all fields from “Employees” where City is “London” OR “Auburn”:

SELECT * FROM Employees
WHERE City = 'London' OR City = 'Auburn';

The following SQL statement selects all fields from “Employees” where City is “London” OR “Auburn”:

SELECT * FROM Employees
WHERE City = 'London' OR City = 'Auburn';

NOT Example

The following SQL statement selects all fields from “Employees” where City is NOT “London”:

SELECT * From Employees
WHERE NOT City = 'London';

Combining AND, OR and NOT

You can also combine the AND, OR and NOT operators.

The following SQL statement selects all fields from “Employees” where FirstName is “Andrew” AND City must be “London” OR “Tacoma” (use parenthesis to form complex expressions):

SELECT * FROM Employees
WHERE FirstName = 'Andrew' AND (City = 'London' OR City = 'Tacoma');

The following SQL statement selects all fields from “Employees” where City is NOT “London” and NOT “Auburn”:

SELECT * FROM Customers
WHERE NOT City = 'London' AND NOT City = 'Auburn';