Preparing Fedora 26 laptop with ZFS and encryption — encryption2 (part 5)

tput setaf 3; xxd -c 48 ~/Pictures/unicorn.png

Let’s not forget about the second encrypted partition /dev/sda4 where we will put our /home/<user_name>and /var/lib/docker (if you use Docker). We still need to configure [crypttab](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/crypttab.html) to decrypt two partitions automatically during boot.

Our current situation is: when the laptop boots up and we provide encryption password it only unlocks the /dev/sda3 partition. The /dev/sda4 is still encrypted as nothing tried to decrypt it. We will change this in this episode.

You can check that only /dev/sda3 was decrypted during the OS boot.

lsblk

Only sda3 was decrypted during the OS boot.

When a partition is decrypted you will see the luks-<UUID> after the partition id. /dev/sda4 is not recognized as luks so it is not decrypted.

In part 3 we encrypted partitions /dev/sda3 and /dev/sda4 with some passwords. Those passwords could be different or be the same but it does not matter as dm_crypt will only ask for password for /dev/sda3 where our binaries are stored (it is mounted to / ).

So how do we let dm_crypt know it should decrypt /dev/sda4 ? To make this happen we will add a crypt key file for the /dev/sda4 partition which will be stored on the /dev/sda3 in /etcd/crypt.d/<key_name>.

When the laptop boots up, dm_crypt will ask us the password for the first partition/dev/sda3 and then it will lookup the content of a file /etc/crypttab (stored on /dev/sda3 ) and will decrypt all other partitions which are defined in that file. In our case it will just decrypt /dev/sda4 .

First let’s create the keys folder and the key itself.

mkdir /etc/crypt.d 
dd bs=515 count=4 if=/dev/urandom of=/etc/crypt.d/sda4.key

This will generate a 2KB file with random stuff in it.

Next add that /etc/crypt.d/sda4.key to the list of keys (you have available 10 empty key slots) which can decrypt /dev/sda4 partition. Provide the password which you used to encrypt the partition before.

cryptsetup luksAddKey /dev/sda4 /etc/crypt.d/sda4.key

Check if the key was added.

cryptsetup luksDump /dev/sda4

List of encryption keys which can decrypt partition /dev/sda4

Key slot number 0 is occupied by the password which we used to decrypt the disk in the first place.

Key slot number 1 is the key we just added, the /etc/crypt.d/sda4.key. That means that if someone stole that file he could use that key to decrypt your /dev/sda4partition. But because that file is stored on the encrypted partition /dev/sda3 the hacker would have to decrypt that partition first.

Now let’s create the /etc/crypttab file and put there the path for our newly created decryption key.

/etc/crypttab file looks like this:

<luks_name> UUID=<luks_UUID> <path_to_key_file>

My current crypttab file.

To get the <luks_name> and <luks_UUID> of an already opened (decrypted) partition use our favorite command.

lsblk

List of all disks and decrypted partitions.

To get the /dev/sda4 partition UUID which is not yet opened use:

blkid /dev/sda4

Luks UUID of /dev/sda4 partition.

Copy the UUID and add an entry to /etc/crypttab:

vi /etc/crypttab # you can use nano or gedit if you don't like vi

Add an entry to /etc/crypttab.

Check if /etc/crypttab was saved

Reboot and check if both partitions were decrypted.

lsblk

Both sda3 and sda4 should be decrypted after reboot.

Both /dev/sda3 and /dev/sda4 should be decrypted after the reboot. You should see the luks-<UUID> after the partition name.

You can check that the /dev/sda4 is encrypted and ZFS formatted.

fdisk -l

/dev/sda4 is encrypted and ZFS formatted.

That’s all for this episode. Next we will install ZFS and prepare the fourth /dev/sda4 partition then move our /home/<user_name> there so our home files are safe with ZFS in part 6.

This post is part of the series, for more check out:

• Part 1 — introduction https://medium.com/@AndrzejRehmann/preparing-fedora-laptop-with-zfs-and-encryption-part-1-f5788dda79ab
• Part 2 — partitions https://medium.com/@AndrzejRehmann/preparing-fedora-26-laptop-with-zfs-and-encryption-part-2-partitions-7b481f381c41
• Part 3 — encryption https://medium.com/@AndrzejRehmann/preparing-fedora-26-laptop-with-zfs-and-encryption-encryption-part-3-1c32f4c9c013
• Part 4 — fedora https://medium.com/@AndrzejRehmann/preparing-fedora-26-laptop-with-zfs-and-encryption-fedora-part-4-1fceb9c8428a
• Part 5 — encryption2 https://medium.com/@AndrzejRehmann/preparing-fedora-26-laptop-with-zfs-and-encryption-encryption2-part-5-fd98d688fc40
• Part 6 — zfs https://medium.com/@AndrzejRehmann/preparing-fedora-26-laptop-with-zfs-and-encryption-zfs-part-5-1e17820b40a4

Special thanks to Marcin Skarbek for setting up my laptop and explaining all of this stuff to me with excruciating details.