Collection-rev

Linked_listA A

• linked list is a type of data structure implemented as a doubly linked list in which each element is stored inside a node object.
• Each node consists of three parts:
• previous node addr → data → next node addr

*Advantages

• fast insertion ->no sifting the lement ike arraylist
• fast deletion ->
• no fixed capacity /dynamic size *dis
• Slow searching, unlike an ArrayList, in which traversing is by index
• Random access is slow
• Take extra memory while in a node object, it consists of previous us addr →data →next node addr

Give a real-life example of using a linked list

• Browsing history like next page ←> previous page
• music playlist
• undo redo feature

/Synchronization is a mechanism used to ensure only one thread can access the shared resource or object at a time, making a program ahead-of-time safe and preventing inconsistency

//Non-synchronization is used to ensure that multiple threads can access the same resources simultaneously It is a faster, more performance-efficient

How to make a linked list as asynchronous

List list =Collection.syncronizedList(new LinkedList<>());

Vector — — — — — — — — — — — Vectoror is a legacy class that implements the List interface

It stores the element in a dynamic array

• maintain insertion order, allows duplicate and null values, and synchronized + thread safe
• Java internally uses a dynamic array means in the array becomes full, if u add more element no need to again intialzation; it will automatically increase the size of the array to double and then store the element into a new array
• Java is synchronized in nature and thread-safe
• initial and default capacity of vector is 10, if we increase the size, the value becomes double
• Yes, we can store the null & duplicate values in a vector

Constructors in a vector class :

1. default constructor -creates the empty vector with an initial capacity of 10 — Vector list =new Vector<>();
2. initial capacity constructor -create a vector with capacity -Vector list =new Vector<>(20
3. initial capacity + increment constructor -same as before, but addition of increment by the value -Vector list =new Vector<>(20,5); // 5 is increment
4. Collection constructor — Creates a Vector containing all elements from another collection -Vector vector = new Vector<>(list);